System of electrical distribution.



No. 885,754. PATENTED APR. 28, 1908.

A.S.IHUBBARD. SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLIOATIUN I'ILED JAN. 19, 1903.

2 SHEETS-8HEET l.

35: Slim pup l No. 885,754. PATENTED APR. 28, 1908.

A. S. HUBBARD.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLIOATIUN rum) JAN.19, 190a.

ZSHBETS-SHEET 2.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT oFrioE.

ALBERT S. HUBBARD, OF OREENWICH, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO GOULD STORAGE BAT- TERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SYSTEM OI ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 28, 1908. I

Application filed January 19, 1903. Serial No. 139,689..

To all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT S. HUBBARD,

"a citizen of the United States, residing at and useful Improvements in Systems of Elec' trical Distribution, of which the following is a s eoification.

his invention relates to improvements in systems of distribution, and particularly to a generating, storing and distributing system involving the use of one or more prime movers, means for utilizing the power of the prime movers for mechanical power or for the conversion of this power into electrical energy, the storing of this electrical energy as chemical energy in storage batteries, and the re-conversion of this chemical energy into electrical ener and mechanical power, while regulating 't e speed of' the prime movers automatically and compensating for variations of speed in the rime movers. In the accompanying awings, Figure 1 represents in diagram a s stem or installation embodying my invention. Fig. 2. represents also diagrammatically one embodiment of my invention in simple form.

Referring to Fig. 1, 1, 1 represents two prime movers operatively connected to the d namos 2, 2 by beltin 3, '3, though 0 utches, as shown at 3 ig. 2 or gearing, chain and sprocket, or direct connection may be used. 4, 4 represent means for utilizing power from the rime @overs. 5, 5 represents the field of t e dynamos 2, 2. 6 and 7 are the controllers for the dynamo fields 5, 5. 8 is a switch for the dynamo fields. By means of controllers 6 and? and switch 8 the fields of the dynamo machines may be adjusted and regulated to give any desired relative degree of field stren th. 9 and 10 are switches for connectingt e two dynamo armatures together. 11 and 12 are switches for connecting the dynamo armatures in parallel or series and for cutting one or both armatures out of circuit. 13 and 13 are ampere-meters, one in each dynamo circuit. 14, 14 are rheostats for the control of.

each battery. 19, 19 are rheostats for controllingthe output or input of each battery.

' The arrangement of the apparatus is such that either or-both prime movers 1, 1 can supply power to its respective device 4, 4, and if desired, can also supply electric energy from the dynamos 2, 2 which energy can be utilized directly in a power circuit 20 or in either or both of the storage batteries 15, 15' or the dynamos 2, 2 may be used as motors receiving power from the storage batteries, which power can be utilized on the devices 4, 4, either alone or in connection with power from the prime movers 1, 1. While at the same time the 'dynamos will tend to regulation of speed'of the prime movers, so that both can be run at the same speed or at different speeds. Assume both prime movers 1, 1 .to be running and supplymg power to the devices 4, 4 which require steady speed, with gas engines and mini other prime moversthe relative speeds be to a reat extent dependent on'the loads on 4 an 4, so that with the loads on 4 and 4" equal, the speeds of and 1 might be the same; for an increase ;of load on 4 and a corresponding decrease of load on 4, the speed of 1 woul be decreased while the speed of 1 would be increased. If now we attach to 1 and 1 dynamo machines 2 and 2 and connect their armatures together by the conductors 21, 23, 22, 24 and the switch 9 and rheostat 10, and excite the fields 5 and 5 from a separate source such as the storage battery 15, 15, so that the positive and ne'gativeof dynamo 2 are connected to positive and negative of dynaino 2 with similar armatures and similar fields and field stren ths, an increase in speed of one machine w' cause that machine to force current into the other and drive it as a motor, bringing thespeed of the latter up to approximately its normal, and. by adjustment of the relative field strengths the relative speeds of the two prime movers may be kept ractically constant at any oint de sired. or instance, with similar eld and armatures in the dynamos, the speed of 1 and 1 mi ht be, say 300 R. P. M. which speed woul be maintained ractically constant, and by adjustment of t e field stren ths the speed of sa 1 might be 100 R. P. and 1 200 R. P. which speeds would be main- ,tained practically constant. Energy from the dynamos in parallel may be used in the consumption circuit 20, or in charging the storage batteries 15, 15 while the dynamos are used as speed regulators, Or energy may be taken from the storage battery to drive the dynamos as motors; at the same time they are being used as speed regulators. By means of the resistances 19, 19 and the switches 16, 17 the amount of battery counter E. M. F. may be adjusted to the dynamo voltage, while the latter may be regulated by the re ulators 6 and 7. I

e the fields 5, 5 are shown in the drawing, Fig. 1, in series with a commutating regulator and shunt, 6 and 7, it will be understood that any suitable one of the well known methods offield regulation may be used.

The switches 11 and 12 are used to connect the dynamos 2, 2" in parallel for ordinary working, and'in series for starting them as motors, or for obtaining a bi her E. M. F. for

char the batteries or or any ur ose wheri ai i E. F. or counter E. M. higher than the normal is desired.

The rheostat 10 is used to vary the amount of speed regulation by limiting the current transferred from one dynamo to the other under variations of speed.

.Fig. 2 shows a practical application of the iystem omitting some of the circuit details of g. 1 and showing the invention applied to the regulation of two engines 1, 1 driving shafts of screws 4, 4, the shafts also bearing the dynamo-armatures 2, 2.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein and desire to secure b Letters Patent is:

.1. The combination of a plurality ofprime movers, direct-current dynamo-electric machines connected therewith to regulate the speed of said rime movers, and connectlons between t e armatures of said dynamo machines whereby differences in speed in the prime movers are automatically compensated. I

2. The combination of a plurality of prime movers, direct current d namo-electric machines connected therewith to regulate the speed of said prime movers, and connections between the armatures of said dynamo machines whereby the energy generated by the relative increase of s eed of one prime mover is automatically app 'ed to increase the speed of another prime mover.

3. The combination of a plurality of rime movers a corresponding pluralityv o d namo-electric machines connected to t e prime movers to regulate the speed of the same, and means to adjust the regulation whereby the prime movers may be regulated torun at the same or different relative speeds. 4. The combination of a plurality of prime movers, a corresponding plural1ty of energyconsumption devices connected thereto,. a

corresponding plurality of dynamo-electric machines connected to the-prime movers to 'ing, means for re responding plurality of dynamo-electric machines connected to regulate the speed of the energy-consumption devices, and means to adjust the regulation whereby the energyconsum tion devices may be re ulated to run at t e same or different relative speeds.

6. The combination of a plurality of prime movers dynamo-electric machines havin driving connection therewith, a plurality o energy-consumption devices for utilizing the energy of the rime movers, and connections between the ynamo-machines whereby differences in speed of the energy-consumption device may be automatically compensated.

7. The combination of a plurality of (prime movers, energy consumption devices riven thereby, dynamo electric machines havin driving connection with the rime movers an means for causing the trans er of energy from one (1 namo electric machine to another.

8. The combination with a plurality of prime movers and energy consumption devices connected thereto, of dynamo electric machines havingldriving connection with the prime movers, t electric machines connected to cause a transfer of energy from one dynamo machine to another, and means for varying the amount of ener transferred.

9. The combination of a plurality of prime e armatures of the dynamo movers, energy consumption devices connected thereto, dynamo electric machines connected to the prime movers and to the energy consumption devices, a source of power for energizing the fields of the dynamo electric machines, means-for varying the field strength of the dynamo electric machines, a storage batte and charging circuit therefor, means or connecting the storage battery with the dynamos for charggulating the amount of charge, means for indicating the amount of charging current, means to cause the dynamo electric machines to regulate the s e of the prime movers, and means to vary t e amount of this regulation. p

10. The combination of a plurality of prime movers, direct current dynamo-electric machines connected thereto, connections between the armatures of said-dynamo-ma chines to equalize the speed of the prime movers, and a source of current for energizing the fields of. the dynamo-electric machines.

11. The combination of a pluralit of prime movers, dynamo-electric mac es connected thereto to regulate the speed of the vices connected thereto, of dynamo electric machines having separately excited iields and means to connect the armatures 1n parallcl to cause a transfer of energy from' one dynamo electric machine to the other upon change of speed of the prime movers.

13. The combination of a plurality of prime movers andenergy consumption devices connected thereto, of dynamo electric machines having separately excited fields, and means to connect the armatures in parallel to cause a transfer of energy from one dynamo electric machine to the other upon change of speed of the energy consumption devices.

14. The combination of two prime movers and an energy consumption device connected to each primemover, a dynamo electric machine connected to each rime mover, a consumption circuit for the r ynamo electric machines, means for causing one dynamo elec tric machine to su ply power to the other upon changes of re ative speeds, and a stor-' age battery to absorb the excess power of. the dynamo electric machines and having connection with the fields of the dynamomachines to energize the same.

15. The combination of two prime movers,

an energy consumption device and a dynamo electric machine connected to each prime mover, a consumption circuit for the dynamo electric machine, means for causing one dynamo electric machine to supply power to the other upon changes of re ative speeds, and a storage battery to supply additional energy to the dynamo electric machines.

16. Thecombination of two prime movers, an energy consumption device and a dynamo electric machine connected to each prime mover, a consumption circuit, a storage battery to supply energy to the dynamoelectric machines, and means for causing the energy supplied from the storage battery to the dynamo electric machines to vary in accordance with changes in relative speeds of the prime movers.

17. The combination of a plurality of prime movers, a corresponding plurality of dynamo electric machines having driving connection therewith, a storage battery connected to said dynamo electric machines to receive energy therefrom or deliver energy thereto, and means for connecting the armatures of said d namo electric machines in series or in para lel.

ALBERT S. HUBBARD. I Witnesses:

J. GREEN HARRY KNIGHT. 

